“Former Indian Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh passed away on December 26, 2024, at the age of 92. He was admitted to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in New Delhi after collapsing at his residence and was pronounced dead despite resuscitation efforts.“
Dr. Manmohan Singh, a name synonymous with economic reforms and political astuteness, remains one of the most respected leaders in Indian history. Serving as India’s Prime Minister from 2004 to 2014, and as a renowned economist before that, Singh’s contributions have profoundly shaped the nation’s trajectory. From liberalizing India’s economy to fostering international relations, his legacy is a testament to vision and perseverance. Here, we delve into the top 10 achievements of Dr. Manmohan Singh, highlighting his lasting impact on India and the world.
1. Architect of Economic Liberalization (1991)
As Finance Minister in the Narasimha Rao government, Dr. Singh spearheaded India’s economic reforms in 1991, a watershed moment in the country’s history. Facing a severe balance of payments crisis, Singh introduced measures to liberalize the economy, including deregulating industries, reducing import tariffs, and encouraging foreign investment. These reforms marked the beginning of India’s transition to a market-driven economy, paving the way for rapid economic growth and global integration.
2. First Sikh Prime Minister of India
Dr. Singh made history by becoming the first Sikh to hold the office of Prime Minister in India in 2004. His ascent to this position symbolized India’s democratic and secular values, inspiring millions across the nation. His tenure also underscored the importance of intellectual leadership, with Singh often emphasizing policy-driven governance over populism.
3. Civil Nuclear Agreement with the United States (2008)
One of Singh’s landmark achievements as Prime Minister was the signing of the Indo-U.S. Civil Nuclear Agreement in 2008. This agreement ended India’s nuclear isolation and opened doors for the country to engage in civilian nuclear trade globally. It not only strengthened Indo-U.S. relations but also provided India with access to advanced nuclear technology, ensuring energy security for decades to come.
4. Rollout of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
Under Singh’s leadership, the Indian government introduced MGNREGA in 2005, a groundbreaking social welfare program aimed at providing employment to rural households. Guaranteeing 100 days of wage employment annually to every household, the scheme significantly reduced rural poverty and empowered marginalized communities. It remains one of the largest social security programs in the world.
5. Implementation of the Right to Information Act (RTI)
The enactment of the RTI Act in 2005 was another monumental step taken during Singh’s tenure. This legislation empowered citizens to demand transparency and accountability from public authorities, transforming governance in India. The RTI Act has since been instrumental in uncovering corruption and promoting participatory democracy.
6. Boosting India’s Global Standing
Dr. Singh played a crucial role in enhancing India’s position on the global stage. Under his leadership, India’s foreign policy focused on strengthening ties with major powers, including the U.S., Russia, and the European Union, while fostering partnerships with emerging economies like Brazil and South Africa. His emphasis on diplomacy ensured India’s voice was heard in global forums like the G20 and BRICS.
7. Economic Growth and Stability
During Singh’s tenure as Prime Minister, India experienced unprecedented economic growth, with GDP growth rates peaking at over 9% in the mid-2000s. His policies emphasized infrastructure development, financial inclusion, and fiscal responsibility, ensuring economic stability. Initiatives like Bharat Nirman and investments in education and health further contributed to the country’s progress.
8. National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
Launched in 2005, the NRHM was a flagship health program aimed at improving healthcare access and outcomes in rural India. The initiative focused on maternal and child health, disease control, and strengthening primary healthcare infrastructure. It significantly reduced infant and maternal mortality rates, contributing to India’s progress towards achieving Millennium Development Goals.
9. Pioneering Inclusive Development
Singh’s economic policies consistently aimed at reducing inequalities and promoting inclusive growth. Programs like the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) and the Mid-Day Meal Scheme were scaled up during his tenure, improving urban infrastructure and enhancing school enrollment and nutrition levels among children. His focus on inclusive development ensured that economic growth translated into better living standards for all sections of society.
10. Preserving Democratic Values
Throughout his political career, Dr. Singh was known for his commitment to democratic principles and ethical governance. Despite challenges, including coalition politics and corruption scandals during his second term, Singh’s personal integrity remained unquestioned. His statesmanlike demeanor and focus on consensus-building set a high standard for political leadership.
Conclusion
Dr. Manmohan Singh’s achievements reflect a life dedicated to public service, intellectual rigor, and unwavering commitment to India’s progress. As an economist, he laid the foundation for modern India’s economic success. As a Prime Minister, he combined visionary leadership with humility, navigating the complexities of governance with grace and determination.
Singh’s legacy endures in the policies and programs that continue to shape India’s development. His contributions have inspired generations of leaders and citizens, reminding us that thoughtful, ethical, and inclusive leadership can transform nations. Whether remembered as the architect of India’s economic reforms or the Prime Minister who strengthened its global standing, Dr. Manmohan Singh’s impact on India is immeasurable and enduring.
